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Hay fever, also known as rhinitis, is a type of allergy  that affects approximately 20 percent of Americans. An allergic reaction occurs when the body mistakenly attacks allergens, and the immune system springs into action. Allergens are harmless compounds such as pollens, dust, molds and animal dander, but the body identifies them as foreign and therefore harmful, and launches a full attack on them.

The body forms antibodies, which signal the immune system to release chemicals such as histamine to attack the allergens. Excessive histamines in the body cause irritations like sneezing, coughing, runny nose and other allergy symptoms. Antihistamines, over-the-counter and prescription drugs are commonly used to treat hay fever. Allergies are not contagious.

Ear infections occur more frequently in children than adults because their eustachian tubes — the funnels that link the pharynx to the middle ear — are shorter, narrower and more horizontal than in adults. This particular alignment can impede the flow of air and fluids through the tubes, and as the fluid pools, bacteria grow and cause infection.

Ear infections are the No. 1 reason for emergency room visits for children. Pediatrician Dr. Jim Sears and plastic surgeon and ear, nose, and throat specialist Dr. Drew Ordon demonstrate how an ear infection forms and how to determine if your child has one.

1. What Are Allergies?

   1. What Is an Allergy?This article explains the basics of an allergic reaction. Learn what happens when your immune system goes on high alert.
   2. Eye AllergiesPeople with allergies also can develop red, swollen, and itchy eyes when exposed to their allergic triggers. 
   3. What Causes Chronic Allergies?If you’ve got allergies, you might wonder what to expect in the long term. Are you stuck with allergy symptoms, or will they get better? Or could they actually get even worse?
   4. Allergies A-ZAre your allergies acting up? Get the facts on common allergy types.